PENICUIK CO-OP



- a
piece of the past




exhibition by Penicuik Community Development Trust in the
Cowan Institute,
for Penicuik’s Open House on 17 January and
For
more than a century, Penicuik Co-op was the town’s principal community-run
asset, offering services over a wide area, carrying on a business of many
hundreds of thousands of pounds. And a dependable local support in times of
trouble.
Penicuik
Community Development Trust Ltd is inspired by that noble example
Our business is rescuing community assets for regeneration, that’s
why we hire PENICUIK TOWN
Thanks for helping us with the old
-it’s
sadly now a pile of rubble –purposeless destruction of a much-loved community
space at the heart of our town.
Then we tried to make BANK
Our next project has been growing successfully on site now for over
a year, take a look, it’s the astonishing
LOST GARDEN OF PENICUIK
And in March 2013
we began TAKING ON THE PRESS when we took over running the Pen-y-Coe Press and old Post Office in
PENICUIK CO-OP: SUCCESSORS TO THE TRADES BOX OF 1795

PENICUIK CO-OP: SUCCESSORS TO THE TRADES BOX OF 1795
Penicuik
Co-operative Association’s earliest premises had once been in the hands of the
“Penicuik Trades Box”. In 1795 Sir John
Clerk formalised a lease he had made to the Trades Box Society some years
earlier.
The TRADES
Exactly when
Penicuik Trades Box was first formed is not clear. In
PENICUIK CO-OP: SUCCESSORS TO THE FREE GARDENERS OF 1828
By 1828 the
Penicuik Trades Box was being managed by James Nicol
shoemaker, Thomas Muir, schoolmaster, James Muir labourer, Alexander Dewar carter, James Jackson gardener, George Holbrook
weaver, John Moffat baker and Arthur Cranston labourer. In that year they
passed over the Box premises in the town centre to another benevolent society,
the Thistle
Lodge of Free Gardeners in Penicuik.
THE
PENICUIK CO-OP: FIRST STEPS IN 1859
The idea had
begun in 1859 when four local papermill workers James
McBeth, Andrew Cowan, Joseph McDiarmid
and James Skinner met to discuss principles of co-operation and trading. The
mutual trading movement had been exemplified locally by the Galashiels Co-operators
in 1827 (refounded 1842) and definitively by the
Rochdale Pioneers whose 1844 principles of democratic management and dividends
to members were being taken up eagerly all over Britain. As Penicuik’s main
local mutual organisation of the time, the Free Gardeners Lodge was the natural
starting point for this activity. The new co-operative association began
trading on
YOU CANNOT
ADVANCE A SIXPENCE UNLESS I AM FIRST SATISFIED1869

YOU
CANNOT ADVANCE A SIXPENCE UNLESS I AM FIRST SATISFIED 1869
The 1869 the
Co-op purchased more premises in central Penicuik from Mr Glover the Loanhead postmaster, after due diligence by the legal
overseer, John Robertson.
ACCOUNT WITH PAISLEY CO-OPERATIVE MANUFACTURING SOCIETY 1871

ACCOUNT WITH PAISLEY CO-OPERATIVE MANUFACTURING SOCIETY 1871
From
the earliest days, local societies like Penicuik were themselves trading
members of manufacturing co-operatives. The Penicuik Society’s account is
number 23 with the Paisley Society. This
old Passbook is printed co-operatively at
ALTERING GROCER SYMINGTON’S CHIMNEY NEXT TO CO-OP1887

ALTERING GROCER SYMINGTON’S CHIMNEY NEXT TO THE CO-OP1887
James
Symington’s shop was on the corner of High Street and
ACCIDENT
TO FARMER

ACCIDENT TO FARMER

PLANS
FOR FOUR-IN-A-B




PLANS
FOR FOUR-IN-A-B
These
were for the “
DESTRUCTION OF MAIN PREMISES1904


DESTRUCTION OF MAIN PREMISES1904
Fire
ravaged the Co-op’s main Grocery & Furnishing departments beside the Old
Well in March 1904. The site was
extended around the corner and a new and much larger store with lift access
built in its place –the imposing Edwardian building we see today.
REPLACEMENT
STOVE IN DRAPERY DEPARTMENT1909

REPLACEMENT
STOVE IN DRAPERY DEPARTMENT1909
SHARE WITHDRAWAL BOOKS 1901-1915

SHARE WITHDRAWAL BOOKS 1901-1915
Receipt
books record hundreds of withdrawals from share capital by Penicuik citizens.

AN
ESTIMATE FOR A FULL PENICUIK CO-OP DAIRY REFIT 1912

AN
ESTIMATE FOR A FULL PENICUIK CO-OP DAIRY REFIT 1912
. refers to
Penicuik zoologist Professor Cossar Ewart The full
specification includes a 130-gallon Astra pasteuriser (£27) and Alfa Laval cream separator (£33), Astra milk pump (£6), copper-trough milk cooler (£26),
vertical Cresstube boiler with feed pump and
indicator (£41), 2 electric motors with controls from the British
Thomson-Houston Company (£66), refrigerating plant fitted with a Hall’s CO2
Compressor complete with circulating pump, pressure gauges and thermometers
(£162), a Cold Chamber (£47), 60 gallon receiving tank (£4) and a 6-syphon
bottle filling machine (£11), and a new washhouse with spraying machines and
brushes for bottles and churns (£17).
PAPERMILL
HORSE KILLED BY RUNAWAY CO-OP VAN1913

PAPERMILL
HORSE KILLED BY RUNAWAY CO-OP VAN1913
Tods
were one of many paper mills along the Esk. One of the Tod
family had written the local 1880s bestseller on both
sides of the
STATISTICS
FOR PENICUIK CO-OP AT THE OUTBREAK OF THE GREAT WAR: YEAR ENDING


STATISTICS AT THE START OF THE GREAT WAR 1914
FACES OF THE GROCERY DEPARTMENT 1917

Photograph:
Helen Scott, daughter of Agnes Ryrie
FACES OF THE GROCERY DEPARTMENT 1917
Standing behind
the Store premises are the ladies employed by the co-op to replace most of the
male staff who’d been called to the War.
Agnes Ryrie (front left) -born Agnes Thorburn- was a descendant of one of the original founders
of the Association when it started with a few members in a house in Thorburn Terrace in 1860. Also in the picture are Annie Hislop, Ian Glasgow, Nellie McFeate,
and Davina Somerville.
CLYDESDALE AND BRITISH LINEN BANK CHEQUES FOR


CLYDESDALE AND BRITISH LINEN BANK CHEQUES FOR
GUY MOTORS CATALOGUE FOR CONSIDERATION BY COMMITTEE
1919

GUY MOTORS CATALOGUE FOR CONSIDERATION BY COMMITTEE
1919
SCWS
RECOMMEND

SCWS
RECOMMEND
“…We have been in communication with Messrs
Albion and Leyland Motor Coys and you may be
surprised to learn that delivery cannot be had before July 1920 which we are
afraid is not of much use to you. Even
this date is subject to extension owing to the present English Moulders’ Strike
and if the Scottish Moulders follow their English Mates it will be questionable
when delivery can be had….” “…You will
further note that the foregoing prices are for the chassis only and cost of
Body falls to be added to same. As the
Van Builders and Cartwrights are presently out on
strike for an increase of wages we are only able to give you an approximate
idea of the cost of Bodies,
Platform Lorry
Body, having Cab Front, Glass Windscreen, Backboard, four wings over road wheels,
complete with lamps and horn, …£125
Bread Van Body,
having Glass Windscreen, Cab Front, doors at back, side doors, mahogany
panelling, ash framing, louvres, roof covered with
zinc and iron rail round same, painted, lined, name gilded and varnished, …£180
Combination
Platform Lorry Body and Portable Van Body painted lined, lettered and
varnished, complete with wings, lamps, horn, etc. ...£220”

to get over the
supply bottleneck for new ones, though still not available till April 1920.
Note the
THE
SCOTTISH CO-OPERATOR NEWSPAPER 1920

THE
SCOTTISH CO-OPERATOR NEWSPAPER 1920
– Another Co-op Venture that Penicuik subscribed to.
–
PENICUIK’S NEW CO-OPERATIVE BAKERY OPENED ON

PENICUIK’S NEW CO-OPERATIVE BAKERY OPENED ON
By
1956 192,467 loaves were being produced annually, with £24,155 worth of Fancy
Bread
PLANS FOR NEW FIELDSEND BRANCH

PLANS FOR NEW FIELDSEND BRANCH
-drawn up by William
Mercer FIAA who had started in practice before 1914 and was working for the
Scottish Co-operative Wholesale Society (SCWS) Architectural Department in
Glasgow in the 1920s and 1930s.
PENICUIK CO-OP TRANSPORT PROBLEMS 1927

PENICUIK CO-OP TRANSPORT PROBLEMS 1927
DR
BADGER CONDEMNS

DR
BADGER CONDEMNS
CONNECTED TO ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY1928

CONNECTED TO ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY1928
OVERLAPPING DELIVERIES

OVERLAPPING DELIVERIES

OVERLAPPING DELIVERIES
USING LOCAL CONTRACTORS
1928


USING LOCAL CONTRACTORS
1928
NOT EVEN CIVILITY 1928

NOT EVEN CIVILITY 1928
WEST
LINTON, ROSLIN & PENICUIK TO KELVIN HALL1928

WEST
LINTON, ROSLIN & PENICUIK TO KELVIN HALL1928
DECEMBER HOWGATE CONCERT 1928

DECEMBER HOWGATE CONCERT 1928
PENICUIK CO-OP SUPPORTED LOCAL OR

PENICUIK CO-OP SUPPORTED LOCAL OR
with
donations & subscriptions, receiving many requests & letters of thanks
DIRECTORS OF PENICUIK CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION
LTD.
Seventieth
Anniversary—
Back Row—JOHN RITCHIE,
WILLIAM MUNRO, JAMES REDPATH, WALTER LOTHIAN, JOHN B. T
Front Row—JAMES S.CAMPBELL,
ALEX. McINTOSH, Secretary,
JAMES McLAFFERTY, President, GEORGE MUIR, Treasurer, JAMES COCHRANE
J.P., Manager.
PENICUIK CO-OP SUPPORTED

PENICUIK CO-OP SUPPORTED
with
donations & subscriptions, receiving many requests & letters of thanks
ANOTHER DAIRY UPGRADE LETS PENICUIK SUPPLY
PEEBLES

ANOTHER DAIRY UPGRADE LETS PENICUIK SUPPLY
PEEBLES
TRIP TO STRAND PALACE: DRIVER & CAR A CREDIT TO THE
SOCIETY 1932


TRIP TO STRAND PALACE: DRIVER & CAR A CREDIT TO THE
SOCIETY 1932
“…
in eleven running hours, good going. There is nothing to stop the Committee
going their annual trip this way now that we know the roads”
PEARSON PRAMS ORDERED BY THE DAIRY DEPARTMENT
1932

PEARSON PRAMS ORDERED BY THE DAIRY DEPARTMENT
1932
-each
carrying 200 pints of milk, to be finished in Penicuik Co-op red. The Dairy Department was supplying over
112,000 pints of milk weekly by 1956
TROUBLE
IN THE TEA ROOMS! 1932
On

TROUBLE
IN THE TEA ROOMS! 1932
“I
am sorry at having to complain about the Sultana Cakes not being fired I get
for the Tea room. The week I opened, the
Cake was perfect, last week I lost nearly 6th, this week I have
returned it as it was again not fired in centre. The Pancakes are the same: one day they are
lovely then back to their burnt state.
Now I know they can do both things perfect. Last year I was tired returning stuff. So I
am afraid if I am not to get better attention I will have to transfer my orders
to St Cuthberts, but I will be very sorry to have to
do this when I well know I can get all I require if only a little more
attention was paid to orders”
Mrs Noble was
keen to keep her business in Co-op hands –St Cuthberts
was then the main Edinburgh Co-op and much bigger than the Penicuik
Association. Mrs Noble wrote again from her home at Hawthorn Cottage West
Linton a day later:
Complaint
from the West Linton Womans Co-operative Guild about
Cakes sent for Social on Friday April 22nd. We are very sorry at having to lodge this
complaint but at our opening Social the cakes sent were old but we paid and
made no complaint with the result that they were still older this time
–apparently those in charge of the baking staff think anything will do for West
Linton –well they are wrong. I don’t think it was a compliment either to them
or us for our Committee to go round the hall with a pail to gather up the cakes
and carry them to the burn. It has been
the weekend talk up here. But it is the same with the sponges sent up to the
Branch on the Saturday, the Members have stopped buying. So I do think it is
time some thing was being done, especially when a new shop is being opened. I
think it is up to everyone to help to make it a success. Trusting to have
better service in the future, Yours faithfully Mrs Isabella Noble (Pres.)
Next day
Penicuik Co-op’s Secretary responded decisively “ I received your complaints
about the cakes sent up for the Guild Social, and also about the supplies sent
to the Tea Rooms. The delegates who
attended the Social have confirmed your complaint. I can assure you that the Directors are very
annoyed about the matter and they are taking steps to deal with the employees
concerned. The matter is being
thoroughly inquired into, and I trust that as a result of our inquiries you
will have no further cause for complaint”
.
VISIT TO THE SCWS SHIELDHALL ESTABLISHMENT, GLASGOW
1932

VISIT TO THE SCWS SHIELDHALL ESTABLISHMENT, GLASGOW
1932
Meanwhile
Alexander Korda was filming Charles Laughton in “The Private Life of Henry VIII” at the British
and Dominion Studios, Elstree
CO-OPERATIVE
MOVEMENT PROMOTIONAL LEAFLET 1932





CO-OPERATIVE
MOVEMENT PROMOTIONAL LEAFLET 1932
Penicuik
Co-operative Association ordered 2,000 of these leaflets on
On that day Jeremy Isaacs was born in Hillhead, Glasgow.
BIG
BROTHER: PENICUIK CO-OP’S VAST NEIGHBOUR 1936


BIG BROTHER:
PENICUIK CO-OP’S VAST NEIGHBOUR 1936
Just
one year older than Penicuik, the St Cuthberts
Co-operative Association in
VISIT
TO WEMBLEY 1938

VISIT
TO WEMBLEY 1938
MILK REGISTRATION SLIPS FOR EACH PENICUIK HOUSEHOLD1940s

MILK REGISTRATION SLIPS FOR EACH PENICUIK HOUSEHOLD1940s
PENICUIK CO-OP FLESHING DEPARTMENT RATION CARDS1940s

PENICUIK CO-OP FLESHING DEPARTMENT RATION CARDS1940s
CUSTOMER

CUSTOMER
BISCUITS ON
THE SHELVES AT FIELDSEND 1943+1949


BISCUITS ON
THE SHELVES AT FIELDSEND 1943+1949
TOBACCO & CIGARETTES REQUIRED BY HOUSEHOLDS 1940s

TOBACCO & CIGARETTES REQUIRED BY HOUSEHOLDS 1940s
SPECIAL COAL SUPPLY LICENCES ISSUED 1949

SPECIAL COAL SUPPLY LICENCES ISSUED 1949
ARCHITECT’S FEES 1952

ARCHITECT’S FEES 1952
R.J. Naismith later became well-known. He was the architect and town-planning advisor
of Penicuik Burgh Council and later helped to create the form of the Cornbank
estate.
VARIOUS

VARIOUS
SHOEING THE HORSES 1952

SHOEING THE HORSES 1952
GAS SUPPLY & RATCATCHERS 1952


GAS SUPPLY & RATCATCHERS 1952
BAXENDALES

BAXENDALES
Baxendale & Co were specialists in
plumbing materials, fires, grates & stoves.
FIELDSEND STORE 1950s

FIELDSEND STORE 1950s
Plenty of natural light, reflective lampshades, tiled
walls, ordered displays and Co-op posters in the window. The parkside path
to
INVOICES FOR BRANDED GOODS 1954

INVOICES FOR BRANDED GOODS 1954

THE SHORT-LIVED EASTFIELD BRANCH 1950s

THE SHORT-LIVED EASTFIELD BRANCH 1950s
An
adaptation of John Dennis
built premises of eighty years before, to serve the new housing areas springing
up at the northern end of the town.
CO-OPERATIVE FLAGSHIP: THE EMPORIUM 1950s

CO-OPERATIVE FLAGSHIP: THE EMPORIUM 1960s
With
the prime site at the very heart of Penicuik, the Association’s department
store had been rebuilt more elegantly after the fire of 1904 -plate glass,
grand staircase and lift to the upper floor.
It concentrated on non-food displays of clothing, furniture and
electrical goods.
OPENING OF THE

OPENING OF THE
Peach Melba was created by Auguste
Escoffier at the Savoy Hotel
-display
in


A piece of the past
PENICUIK CO-OP

.For more than a century, Penicuik Co-op was the town’s principal
community-run asset, offering services over a wide area and carrying on a
business of many hundreds of thousands of pounds.
After a final few
decades of decline in the late 20th century, Penicuik Co-op merged
with its
The records exhibited here were among those
left behind for destruction. Fortunately
they have been saved.
Penicuik
Co-op has been a key theme of the Penicuik Community Development Trust displays
in the Town Hall since 2009 and a popular resource on the internet. Thanks to Portobello friends Norrie Kristoffersen, Margaret
Munro and Archie Foley for helping us save Penicuik Co-op material for
posterity. There is much more than we have had space to show here, so look out
for more displays in future.
exhibition prepared and curated
by Roger Kelly roger@kosmoid.net for
Penicuik Community Development Trust from the Penicuik Co-op material rescued
by the Portobello team.
1917 grocery staff photo supplied
by Helen Scott. 1930 committee photo supplied by Jimmy Baird
Mid-century images of Fieldsend, Eastfield &
Emporium added 2013.
More displays from this author:
Scotland’s Planning Legacy 75 Years of the Saltire Society The Lost Garden of Penicuik Story
James Hamilton: Penicuik’s Concorde Designer Thomas Adams: Carlops to the White House
Penicuik
Community Development Trust is responsible for the Lost Garden of Penicuik
(incorporating Penicuik’s Food Project), Penicuik Open House,
Penicuik Cinema,
the Bankmill Project
and now The Pen-y-coe Press and Old Post Office. The Trust is a charitable
company limited by guarantee registered in Scotland with company number 380626
and OSCR charity number SCO37990 and Trustee Directors Roger Kelly
(chair), Roger Hipkin (secretary 20A John
St. Penicuik EH26 8AB), Jane MacKintosh (treasurer), Dave Stokes, Mose Hutchinson and Penny Wooding,
forming part of a Managing committee with Anne-Ruth Strauss, Bill Fearnley, Chantal Geoghegan, Daniel Baigrie, Doreen Gillon, Jane Kelly, Katie Sydes, Lynn Niven, Marianne Cortes, Marjorie Bisset, Mitch Lewis, Peter Coutts, Simon Duffy, Simon Fraser, Ulla
Hipkin, all elected annually at the Trust's AGM and Florance Kennedy and John Scott co-opted
subsequently. Paid-up Membership of over
200; Patrons: Ian Macdougall, Gerda Stevenson, Colonel Edward Cowan. Trust official website www.penicuiktrust.org.uk. The Trust is
a Member of Development Trusts
Association Scotland (DTAS) takes part in Doors Open Day, and works collaboratively with Penicuik
Community Council, Penicuik High School, Beeslack High School, Midlothian
Council, Midlothian
Voluntary Action, the Midlothian Growing Ideas Partnership
(including Midlothian Garden Services, Mayfield & Easthouses Development Trust, and other garden
and food projects in Midlothian associated with the Federation of City Farms
and Community Gardens), and the MapaScotland restoration of the Great Polish Map of
Scotland at Eddleston, and
supported the papemaking tercentenary
led by Penicuik Historical Society. There are personal and mutually
supportive links with Breadshare Community Bakery, Penicuik Community
Sport & Leisure Foundation, Penicuik Community Arts
Association, the Penicuik House Project, the Scottish Civic
Trust and the Saltire Society, with community groups and trusts in Aberfeldy, Amisfield, Balerno, Broughty Ferry, Gorebridge and Moffat,
with Penicuik’s twin town at L’Isle-sur-la
Sorgue, Vaucluse, Provence, with Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Quebec and with the Papeterie St-Armand
in Montreal. The Trust can be contacted
during working hours through the volunteer team at Pen-y-Coe Press 01968
673767, or through the chair 01968 677854 or secretary 01968 672706
We need your help.
Working together we can all do more for the people and places we love
Thanks for rallying round to buy the old
Our newest project is growing and going well, take a look, it’s the astonishing LOST GARDEN OF PENICUIK
And in March 2013
we began TAKING ON THE PRESS by running
the Pen-y-Coe Press and old Post Office in Bridge Street in Penicuik Town
Centre as a print shop, papermaking, stationery, book and art materials store,
Trust museum and produce & plant depot for the Lost Garden of Penicuik
GALASHIELS
CO-OPERATORS & THE IDEAS OF
WILLIAM KING
MORE
PENICUIK TOWN HALL DISPLAYS
PENICUIK’S
CO-OPERATIVE GALLERY CAFÉ
PENICUIK’S
CO-OPERATIVE FOOD MARKET
PENICUIK
COMMUNITY FOOD GROWING PROJECT
PEN-Y-COE
PRESS: A COMMUNITY BUSINESS